| 英语单词浩如烟海,想把所有的单词都记下来是一件非常困难的事。事实上很多单词的构成都是有规律可循的。通过对构词法的学习,我们的词汇量能够迅速扩大。但是,有的单词可不完全遵循构词法的法则,大家学习的时候可要小心了。在这里我们就一起学习一下invaluable这个单词。
根据构词法的一般规律,词根"value"是“价值”的意思,前缀"in-"是“不是,没有”的意思(如inconvenient-不方便的,不容忽视的;inhumane-残忍的;不人道的,etc.)。那么,很多人自然就会认为invaluable的意思即为-毫无价值的。恭喜你,答错了。实际上,它的意思恰恰相反。下面是牛津词典对invaluable的释义:
INVALUABLE
-adj. (to sb/sth) of value too high to be measured; extremely valuable 价值高得无法估量的; 极宝贵的
例: *an invaluable collection of paintings 珍品画的收藏 *invaluable help, advice, etc 宝贵的帮助、 意见等 *Your help has been invaluable to us. 你对我们的帮助是非常宝贵的.
NOTE ON USAGE 用法:
A few adjectives have misleading 'negative' affixes such as in- or -less. 有几个形容词带有貌似`否定'的词缀, 如in-或-less.
1、 Invaluable means 'extremely valuable'. *invaluable意思是'极有价值的'. It is not the opposite of valuable, which is valueless (or worthless). *这个词并不是valuable的反义词, valuable的反义词是valueless(或worthless).
2、Priceless means 'too valuable to be priced', ie having a 'very high price'. *priceless意思是'贵重得无法定出价格的', 即'价格非常高的'.
3、Innumerable and numberless mean 'too many to be counted' or 'very numerous'. *innumerable和numberless 意思是'多得数不清的'或'极多的'.
4、Flammable and inflammable have the same meaning (opposite: non-flammable). *flammable和inflammable意思一样, 是'易燃的'(反义词是: non-flammable'不易燃的').
最后来看从国外新闻媒体上摘选的一些实例。
(1)、Because genes associated with onset age may represent invaluable therapeutic targets to delay the disease, we sought to identify such genetic modifiers using a genomewide association study in familial PD(Parkinson disease).(摘自-Genomewide association study for onset age in Parkinson disease-Bioon.com)
由于与发病年龄有关的基因可能是非常珍贵的、能够用以延缓帕金森病发作的治疗目标,我们试图通过基因组关联研究来确定这种与家族性帕金森疾病有关的基因变体。
(2)、A large number of groups, provinces, municipalities, banks, unions, churches, universities, social agencies and others have found census information invaluable to their decision-making processes.(摘自-No-census decision-orangeville.com)
大量的机构,省,城市,银行,联合会,教堂,大学,社会团体以及其他的一些组织发现人口普查资料在他们的决策过程中是非常宝贵的参考消息。
(3)、It immediately becomes invaluable primary evidence about the complex pressures within these governments -at least America's and Israel's. (轰炸伊朗问题,bombing Iran)(摘自-Bombing Iran: What is The Atlantic's Line? -theatlantic.com)
它立即成为了某些政府内部正在遭受复杂压力重要的基本证据-至少对美国政府与以色列政府是这样。
(4)、They perform an invaluable service. They help keep rodents under control. They’re not aggressive.(摘自-Heat Wave Driving Snakes Indoors-earthweek.com)
它们(蛇)执行着的无比重要的“任务”。它们帮助控制老鼠的数量。它们并不是非常危险。
(5)、Coach Kennedy and his staff are a solid group of coaches and a number of young players earned invaluable playing time last season. (摘自-Lafayette Jeff prepares for 2010-wlfi.com)
肯尼迪教练以及他的员工组成了一个牢不可破的教练集体并且在上个赛季很多年轻运动员赢得了宝贵的上场时间。 |